Facts
- Government gross debt, % of GDP
- 24.3 % (2025)
- Fiscal balance, % of GDP
- -3.1 % (2025)
- GDP, current prices
- $306.0 bn (2025)
- Current account, % of GDP
- -4.1 % (2025)
- Debt level
- Below 30% of GDP
- Change in debt ratio, last 10 years
- +2.4 pp
- Central government debt, % of GDP (World Bank)
- 20.9 % (2023)
- ISO code
- KAZ
Sources: US Treasury Fiscal Data — Debt to the Penny, MSPD (public domain), IMF World Economic Outlook, World Bank WDI (CC BY 4.0)
GDP, current prices ($ billions)
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | $306.0 bn |
| 2024 | $291.5 bn |
| 2023 | $261.8 bn |
| 2022 | $225.5 bn |
| 2021 | $197.1 bn |
| 2020 | $171.1 bn |
| 2019 | $181.7 bn |
| 2018 | $179.3 bn |
| 2017 | $166.8 bn |
| 2016 | $137.3 bn |
| 2015 | $184.4 bn |
| 2014 | $221.4 bn |
Current account balance, % of GDP
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | -4.1 % |
| 2024 | -2.3 % |
| 2023 | -3.2 % |
| 2022 | 2.9 % |
| 2021 | -1.4 % |
| 2020 | -6.5 % |
| 2019 | -3.9 % |
| 2018 | -1.0 % |
| 2017 | -2.1 % |
| 2016 | -5.1 % |
| 2015 | -5.4 % |
| 2014 | -1.3 % |
Government gross debt, % of GDP
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 24.3 % |
| 2024 | 24.4 % |
| 2023 | 23.0 % |
| 2022 | 23.5 % |
| 2021 | 25.1 % |
| 2020 | 26.4 % |
| 2019 | 19.9 % |
| 2018 | 20.3 % |
| 2017 | 19.9 % |
| 2016 | 19.7 % |
| 2015 | 21.9 % |
| 2014 | 14.5 % |
Net lending / borrowing, % of GDP
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | -3.1 % |
| 2024 | -3.4 % |
| 2023 | -1.4 % |
| 2022 | 0.1 % |
| 2021 | -5.0 % |
| 2020 | -7.0 % |
| 2019 | -0.6 % |
| 2018 | 2.6 % |
| 2017 | -4.3 % |
| 2016 | -4.5 % |
| 2015 | -6.3 % |
| 2014 | 2.5 % |
Central government debt, % of GDP (World Bank)
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 20.9 |
| 2022 | 21.4 |
| 2021 | 22.4 |
| 2020 | 23.7 |
| 2019 | 18.5 |
| 2018 | 22.0 |
| 2017 | 16.9 |
| 2016 | 16.8 |
| 2015 | 19.3 |
| 2014 | 12.6 |
| 2013 | 10.8 |
| 2012 | 10.5 |